1- What is an Information System?
An information system is a collection of items that collect, process, store and disseminate information in order to assist in the decision-making, coordination and control of a business.
The information system is used by actors (users, administrators, managers) to
manipulate (consult, modify, communicate) data using procedures.
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| INFORMATION SYSTEM - COMPUTER SCIENCES LESSONS - WIKIHARD |
2- The information system
The
information system contains information about the people, products, customers
needed in the organization or in its environment.
Two basic concepts for understanding the information system are data and information.
- Data are raw values, products, orders, purchases, events that take place in or outside organizations. This is in most cases "simple" information associated with a code. If it does not contain this code, the user is unable to understand the information to be transcribed. For example, code 14 means nothing to a user. While in the information system code 14 can represent the number of the client named "Jean Pierre Dupont".
- Information covers data that is presented in a form usable and useful to users. Unlike data, information is something that the user understands (and therefore "usable").
- For example, the address of a customer.
In the information system, the production of the information necessary for the organization consists of three activities.
- Input: arrival of the raw data (input of a user, coming from another system). For example, ordering a customer.
- Data processing: transformation of raw data.
- Output: the process of disseminating information to users who need it. For example, a user consulted look at the stock status.
Two basic concepts for understanding the information system are data and information.
- Data are raw values, products, orders, purchases, events that take place in or outside organizations. This is in most cases "simple" information associated with a code. If it does not contain this code, the user is unable to understand the information to be transcribed. For example, code 14 means nothing to a user. While in the information system code 14 can represent the number of the client named "Jean Pierre Dupont".
- Information covers data that is presented in a form usable and useful to users. Unlike data, information is something that the user understands (and therefore "usable").
- For example, the address of a customer.
In the information system, the production of the information necessary for the organization consists of three activities.
- Input: arrival of the raw data (input of a user, coming from another system). For example, ordering a customer.
- Data processing: transformation of raw data.
- Output: the process of disseminating information to users who need it. For example, a user consulted look at the stock status.
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| COMPANY INFORMATION SYSTEM - WIKIHARD |
3- The different dimensions of the information system
We can now examine the dimensions of the information system:
- Organization
- Technology
- Management
Personnel, structure, business processes, policy and culture are the key elements of an organization. Sometimes, the IS is the basic building block of a business. In other words, these companies could not exist without the use of the information system. For example, airlines or companies specializing in online sales.
The operational system will help the players to carry out the basic activities and transactions of the organization (sales, payroll, stock supply, invoicing, etc.). In the airlines, reservations can only be managed with the information system. How do I know how many seats are reserved for a particular flight? What are the names of travelers? Who will be his pilot? In order for each actor to be able to consult the information concerning him, the information system must be able to provide precise elements in a minimum of time. Here, we highlight the place of the information system within companies.
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